Results tagged “ORIGINS” from HAWT action [hot ak-shuhn]

ORIGINS: Soap

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Some things are essential to our everyday lives, yet their ORIGINS have escaped us.  The names of the days of the week?  The months?  Our "Arabic" numeral system?  Giving someone the bird?  60 seconds in a minute?  What defines the length of a second?  The game of chess?  It goes ON and ON...  HAWTaction [hot ak-shuhn] will bring you those histories in ORIGINS.

Soap

ORIGINS - Soap.png
HAWT's curiosity has turned, as it does, to soap.  It's an integral part of our society (well.... it should be), but how far back does it go?  How does this work?  Was it invented in the 1930's along with color and sound?  (Before you blow up the comments, look at old movies and photos for proof of that statement.)  Well, it turns out it goes farther back than that.  Much farther.  And the truth is that the ingredients haven't changed much.

First, a few words on how soap works. (Consider this an ORIGINS post and a Boiled Down post... all in one.)  I remember learning this in 9th grade, and I've never been able to forget it.  Ready to be haunted?  Good.  Water, like any liquid, has a natural "surface tension."  Surface tension happens because molecules in a liquid have an attraction to each other.  When you introduce the liquid into an environment, whether atmospheric air or a test tube, the molecules will have an attraction to the surrounding molecules as well.  There will be a delta there (attraction difference), between the liquid's internal and external molecular attractions.  That delta defines the liquid's surface tension. 

Example?  Water?  Good.  Water is incredibly attracted to itself (polarized molecules!), so the liquid feels compelled to pull "into" itself when in contact with anything.  (It's the reason a falling stream of water will change into droplets on the way down... and the reason it hurts so much to do a high belly flop into water.)  Because water is so much more attracted to itself than air molecules, it has strong surface tension.  Mercury, on the other hand, is more attracted to our atmosphere than at itself, so it has low surface tension.  You'll notice the difference between them when they are in a test tube, and water has a curve at the top like a smile, and mercury has a curve like a frown.  This is all caused by surface tension... and it's the key to how soap works.

ORIGINS: The Match

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Some things are essential to our everyday lives, yet their ORIGINS have escaped us.  The names of the days of the week?  The months?  Our "Arabic" numeral system?  Giving someone the bird?  60 seconds in a minute?  What defines the length of a second?  The game of chess?  It goes ON and ON...  HAWTaction [hot ak-shuhn] will bring you those histories in ORIGINS.

The Match

ORIGINS - Match.png
Some things barely need an ORIGINS post.  I mean, cigarettes?  We've always rolled weeds to smoke 'em.  Pipes?  We've always stuffed greens in a bowl and puffed.  Even the Hobbits were doing it, like, a thousand years ago.  Matches, though?  Now, those guys require technology and innovation.

Obviously, portable fire was a significant development by man (much more than the portable computer, portable drill or portable car, even).  Of course, now we link portable fire to lighting cigarettes and scaring subway riders by pretending to put Halloween costumes on fire.  But back in the day, portable fire was key for light, eating, warmth, smoking... I mean, it was the electricity of old.  Take away our electricity now, and the first thing you want is a match or lighter to get some candles and a gas burner going.

So, how was this technological marvel developed?  How did people finally get the chance to leave their flint and knives at home in exchange for a box of these guys?  Well, it's a much less a romantic story (like most ORIGINS posts) and more like a story of technological discovery and refinement.
Some things are essential to our everyday lives, yet their ORIGINS have escaped us.  The names of the days of the week?  The months?  Our "Arabic" numeral system?  Giving someone the bird?  60 seconds in a minute?  What defines the length of a second?  The game of chess?  It goes ON and ON...  HAWTaction [hot ak-shuhn] will bring you those histories in ORIGINS.

The Computer Keyboard

Keyboard - ORIGINS.pngThe computer keyboard, called the QWERTY keyboard, is almost a global standard (correcting for differences in alphabet).  Yet, look at it.  Look at that thing beneath your hands.  It is a sloppy mess.  A sloppy mess!  There are classes dedicated to using it.  Classes!  How the hell did this thing become the world standard?  What are the computer keyboard ORIGINS?

Essentially, you are typing on a dinosaur from a different era.  This keyboard was developed was in the 1870's in Milwaukee. 1870's.  Milwaukee.

ORIGINS: The Second

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Some things are essential to our everyday lives, yet their ORIGINS have escaped us.  The names of the days of the week?  The months?  Our "Arabic" numeral system?  Giving someone the bird?  60 seconds in a minute?  What defines the length of a second?  The game of chess?  It goes ON and ON...  HAWTaction [hot ak-shuhn] will bring you those histories in ORIGINS.

The Second
ORIGINS - Second.pngTime is fascinating.  It's a man-made concept that is the structure of our existence, from measuring the span of a lifetime to arranging the simplest of habitual practices.  Its importance is undeniable; every civilization has had a form of it.  Like language, it is an inevitable necessity.  Looking at the diversity of historic calendar systems - with their proprietary days, months, seasons - it's amazing that we've got any standards at all.  But we do!  (YAY?)  We have the global standard of 12-month years and 7-day weeks. 

Also?  The second.  I find this to be the most arbitrary global standard, because (I believed) it's the standard all others are built on.  A minute is built on the length of a second.  Hour on that of a minute... So, it all goes back to a second.  (Or does it?)  But how did we decide how long a second should last?  As a child I imagined people created it by going, "A second should last.... THIS... much."  "No, it should last... THIIIS... much."  The ORIGINS of the second are little more complicated.  (Or are they?)

ORIGINS: Numbers

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Some things are essential to our everyday lives, yet their ORIGINS have escaped us.  The names of the days of the week?  The months?  Our "Arabic" numeral system?  Giving someone the bird?  60 seconds in a minute?  What defines the length of a second?  The game of chess?  It goes ON and ON...  HAWTaction [hot ak-shuhn] will bring you those histories in ORIGINS.

Numbers
Origins - Numbers.pngAll societies, past and present, have a number system.  Like a language, it's a given, whether simple or complicated.  How simple?  A minimalist one (used historically and still by isolated tribes) is: One, two, three, many.  The complicated ones?  Well, they include sophisticated concepts and are dynamic enough to allow geometry and calculus.  In fact, there was a single system that was developed, distributed around the world and chosen (because of its geniousnesssence) as the standard universal language of mankind.  It's called The Arabic Numeric System (capitalized here because we consider it so HAWT), and it comes from generations of creativity and refinement.  Also, it's not Arabic.  Read on about the ORIGINS of numbers.

ORIGINS: Days of the Week

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Some things are essential to our everyday lives, yet their ORIGINS have escaped us.  The names of the days of the week?  The months?  Our "Arabic" numeral system?  Giving someone the bird?  60 seconds in a minute?  What defines the length of a second?  The game of chess?  It goes ON and ON...  HAWTaction [hot ak-shuhn] will bring you those histories in ORIGINS.

The Days of the Week
ORIGINS Calendar.jpgThe names for our days is one of those examples of where a single, particular (religious) idea evolved and spread to become the global standard.  Who developed our 7-day system and the default nomenclature?

ORIGINS: Introduction

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There's a new series coming our way on HAWTaction[hot ak-shuhn]: ORIGINS.  You might imagine there isn't any more room for series on this site, but I'm telling you... there is. 

hawt_banner.pngLet's review the current ones:


Let's not forget these other key posts:


And now?  ORIGINS.  What kind of generic name is that?  What gems will it bring the readers?

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